Nazari kan Fasahar Maganin Zafi na ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo Martensitic Bakin Karfe Blades

Abstract: An yi nazarin tasirin hanyoyin magance zafi daban-daban akan aikin ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo abu. A gwajin ya nuna cewa bayan zafi magani a 1 010 ℃ normalizing + 605 ℃ primary tempering + 580 ℃ sakandare tempering, da abu ya kai mafi kyau yi index. Tsarinsa shine ƙaramin-carbon martensite + juyawa austenite, tare da babban ƙarfi, ƙarancin zafin jiki da taurin dacewa. Ya dace da buƙatun aikin samfur a cikin aikace-aikacen babban simintin simintin kula da zafi.
Mahimman kalmomi: ZG06Cr13NI4Mo; bakin karfe martensitic; ruwa
Manyan ruwan wukake sune mahimman sassa a cikin injinan wutar lantarki. Yanayin sabis na sassan suna da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan, kuma suna fuskantar babban tasiri mai tasiri na ruwa, lalacewa da yashewa na dogon lokaci. An zaɓi kayan daga ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo martensitic bakin karfe tare da ingantattun kayan aikin injiniya da juriya na lalata. Tare da haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki da simintin gyare-gyare masu alaƙa zuwa manyan sikelin, ana gabatar da buƙatu mafi girma don aiwatar da kayan bakin karfe kamar ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo. Don wannan karshen, haɗe tare da samar da gwaji na ZG06C r13N i4M o manyan ruwan wukake na cikin gida hydropower kayan aiki sha'anin, ta hanyar ciki iko da abu sinadaran abun da ke ciki, zafi magani tsari kwatanta gwajin da gwajin sakamakon gwajin, da gyara guda normalizing + biyu tempering zafi. Tsarin jiyya na ZG06C r13N i4M o bakin karfe an ƙaddara don samar da simintin gyare-gyaren da suka dace da buƙatun aiki.

1 Ikon ciki na abubuwan sinadaran
ZG06C r13N i4M o abu ne mai ƙarfi martensitic bakin karfe, wanda ake bukata don samun high inji Properties da kuma mai kyau low-zazzabi tasiri taurin. Don inganta aikin kayan aiki, an sarrafa tsarin sinadarai a ciki, yana buƙatar w (C) ≤ 0.04%, w (P) ≤ 0.025%, w (S) ≤ 0.08%, kuma an sarrafa abun ciki na gas. Teburin 1 yana nuna kewayon nau'ikan sinadarai na sarrafa kayan ciki da kuma sakamakon bincike na sinadarai na samfurin, kuma Teburin 2 yana nuna buƙatun kulawa na ciki na abun ciki na iskar gas da sakamakon bincike na samfurin iskar gas.

Tebur 1 Haɗin sinadarai (ƙarashin juzu'i,%)

kashi	C	Mn	Si	P	S	Ni	Cr	Mo	Cu	Al
daidaitattun bukata	≤0.06	≤1.0	≤0.80	≤0.035	≤0.025	3.5-5.0	11.5-13.5	0.4-1.0	≤0.5
Sinadaran Kula da Ciki	≤0.04	0.6-0.9	1.4-0.7	≤0.025	≤0.008	4.0-5.0	12.0-13.0	0.5-0.7	≤0.5	≤0.040
Yi nazarin sakamakon	0.023	1.0	0.57	0.013	0.005	4.61	13.0	0.56	0.02	0.035

Tebura 2 Abubuwan Gas (ppm)

gas	H	O	N
Bukatun kulawa na ciki	≤2.5	≤80	≤150
Yi nazarin sakamakon	1.69	68.6	119.3

ZG06C r13N i4M o abu an narke a cikin wani 30 t lantarki tanderu, mai ladabi a cikin wani 25T LF makera don alloying, daidaita abun da ke ciki da kuma zazzabi, da kuma decarburized da degassed a cikin wani 25T VOD tanderun, game da shi samun narkakkar karfe tare da ultra-low carbon, abun da ke ciki na uniform, babban tsabta, da ƙarancin abun ciki mai cutarwa. A ƙarshe, an yi amfani da waya ta aluminum don lalatawar ƙarshe don rage abun ciki na iskar oxygen a cikin narkakkar karfe da kuma ƙara tace hatsi.
2 Gwajin aikin maganin zafi
2.1 Tsarin gwaji
An yi amfani da jikin simintin a matsayin jikin gwajin, girman toshewar gwajin ya kasance 70mm × 70mm × 230mm, kuma maganin zafi na farko yana tausasawa. Bayan tuntubar da wallafe-wallafen, da zafi magani tsari sigogi zaba su ne: normalizing zafin jiki 1 010 ℃, primary tempering yanayin zafi 590 ℃, 605 ℃, 620 ℃, sakandare tempering zafin jiki 580 ℃, da kuma daban-daban tempering matakai da aka yi amfani da m gwaje-gwaje. Ana nuna tsarin gwajin a cikin Tebu 3.

Tebur 3 Tsarin gwajin maganin zafi

Shirin gwaji	Tsarin gwajin maganin zafi	Ayyukan matukin jirgi
A1	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620 ℃ Zazzagewa	Kayayyakin Tensile Tasirin Tauri HB Lankwasawa Properties Microstructure
A2	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620℃ Zazzagewa+580℃
B1	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620 ℃ Zazzagewa
B2	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620℃ Zazzagewa+580℃
C1	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620 ℃ Zazzagewa
C2	1 010 ℃ Normalizing+620℃ Zazzagewa+580℃

2.2 Nazarin sakamakon gwaji
2.2.1 Binciken abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadarai
Daga sakamakon bincike na sinadaran sinadaran da abun ciki na iskar gas a cikin Table 1 da Table 2, manyan abubuwa da abubuwan da ke cikin gas suna cikin layi tare da ingantaccen tsarin sarrafawa.
2.2.2 Nazarin sakamakon gwajin aiki
Bayan maganin zafi bisa ga tsarin gwaji daban-daban, an gudanar da gwaje-gwajen kwatancen kaddarorin inji daidai da GB/T228.1-2010, GB/T229-2007, da GB/T231.1-2009. Ana nuna sakamakon gwaji a cikin Tebu 4 da Tebu 5.

Teburin 4 Binciken kaddarorin injiniyoyi na tsare-tsaren tsarin kula da zafi daban-daban

Shirin gwaji	Rp_0.2/Mpa	Rm/Mpa	A/ ％	Z/ ％	A_KV/J(0℃)	Taurin darajar HBW
misali	≥550	≥750	≥15	≥35	≥50	210-290
A1	526	786	21.5	71	168, 160, 168	247
A2	572	809	26	71	142, 143, 139	247
B1	588	811	21.5	71	153, 144, 156	250
B2	687	851	23	71	172, 165, 176	268
C1	650	806	23	71	147, 152, 156	247
C2	664	842	23.5	70	147, 141, 139	263

Tebur 5 Gwajin lankwasawa

Shirin gwaji	Lankwasawa (d=25,a=90°)	kima
B1	Crack5.2×1.2mm	Kasawa
B2	Babu fasa	m

Daga kwatancen da bincike na kayan aikin injiniya: (1) Normalizing + tempering magani mai zafi, kayan na iya samun mafi kyawun kayan aikin injiniya, yana nuna cewa kayan yana da ƙarfi mai kyau. (2) Bayan daidaita yanayin zafi, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma filastik (elongation) na yanayin zafi biyu yana inganta idan aka kwatanta da yanayin zafi guda ɗaya. (3) Daga lankwasawa yi dubawa da bincike, da lankwasawa yi na B1 normalizing + guda tempering gwajin tsari ne m, da lankwasawa gwajin yi na B2 gwajin tsari bayan biyu tempering ne m. (4) Daga kwatanta da sakamakon gwajin 6 daban-daban tempering yanayin zafi, da B2 tsari makirci na 1 010 ℃ normalizing + 605 ℃ guda tempering + 580 ℃ sakandare tempering yana da mafi kyau inji Properties, tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi na 687MPa, wani elongation. na 23%, tasiri taurin fiye da 160J a 0℃, matsakaicin taurin 268HB, da ingantaccen aikin lankwasawa, duk sun cika buƙatun aikin.
2.2.3 Binciken Tsarin Metallographic
An yi nazarin tsarin ƙarfe na kayan aikin B1 da B2 gwargwadon gwajin GB/T13298-1991. Hoto 1 yana nuna tsarin metallographic na normalizing + 605 ℃ na farko tempering, kuma Figure 2 yana nuna tsarin metallographic na normalizing + na farko tempering + na biyu tempering. Daga binciken metallographic da bincike, babban tsarin ZG06C r13N i4M o bayan magani mai zafi shine ƙarancin carbon lath martensite + juyawa austenite. Daga nazarin tsarin metallographic, lath martensite daure na kayan bayan zafin na farko sun fi girma kuma sun fi tsayi. Bayan yanayin zafi na biyu, tsarin matrix ya canza kadan, tsarin martensite kuma yana da dan kadan mai ladabi, kuma tsarin ya fi dacewa; dangane da aiki, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa da filastik yana inganta zuwa wani ɗan lokaci.

Hoto 1 ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo normalizing + microstructure mai zafi guda ɗaya

Hoto 2 ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo normalizing + sau biyu tempering tsarin metallographic

2.2.4 Binciken sakamakon gwaji
1) Gwajin ya tabbatar da cewa ZG06C r13N i4M o abu yana da kyawawa mai kyau. Ta hanyar daidaitawa + yanayin zafi mai zafi, kayan na iya samun kyawawan kaddarorin injiniya; Ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa da kaddarorin filastik (elongation) na zafin jiki biyu bayan daidaita yanayin zafi ya fi girma fiye da na ɗabi'a ɗaya.
2) A gwajin bincike ya tabbatar da cewa tsarin ZG06C r13N i4M o bayan normalizing ne martensite, da kuma tsarin bayan tempering ne low-carbon lath tempered martensite + juya austenite. Austenite da aka juye a cikin tsarin zafin jiki yana da babban kwanciyar hankali na thermal kuma yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan kayan aikin injiniya, tasirin tasiri da simintin gyare-gyare da waldawa na kayan aiki. Sabili da haka, kayan yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babban ƙarfin filastik, ƙarfin da ya dace, juriya mai kyau da kuma simintin gyare-gyare mai kyau da kayan walda bayan maganin zafi.
3) Bincika dalilan inganta aikin zafin na biyu na ZG06C r13N i4M o. Bayan daidaitawa, dumama da adana zafi, ZG06C r13N i4M o yana samar da austenite mai kyau bayan austenitization, sannan ya canza zuwa martensite maras nauyi bayan saurin sanyaya. A cikin zafin jiki na farko, carbon supersaturated a cikin martensite yana haɓaka a cikin nau'in carbides, don haka rage ƙarfin kayan aiki da haɓaka filastik da taurin kayan. Saboda tsananin zafin zafin zafin na farko, zafin na farko yana haifar da matuƙar kyau austenite baya ga matsi mai zafi. Wadannan reverse austenites an partially canza zuwa martensite a lokacin tempering sanyaya, samar da yanayi ga nucleation da girma na barga baya austenite generated sake a lokacin sakandare tempering tsari. Manufar zafin na biyu shine don samun isasshen barga austenite. Wadannan austenites na baya na iya jurewa canjin lokaci yayin nakasar filastik, ta haka inganta ƙarfi da filastik kayan. Saboda ƙayyadaddun yanayi, ba shi yiwuwa a lura da kuma nazarin austenite baya, don haka wannan gwaji ya kamata ya ɗauki kayan aikin injiniya da ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa a matsayin manyan abubuwan bincike don nazarin kwatancen.
3 Aikace-aikacen samarwa
ZG06C r13N i4M o babban ƙarfin bakin karfe simintin ƙarfe ne tare da kyakkyawan aiki. Lokacin da ainihin samar da ruwan wukake da aka za'ayi, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma ciki kula da bukatun da aka ƙaddara ta gwaji, da kuma zafi magani tsari na sakandare normalizing + tempering ana amfani da samarwa. Ana nuna tsarin maganin zafi a cikin Hoto na 3. A halin yanzu, an kammala samar da manyan ruwan ruwa guda 10, kuma aikin ya cika bukatun mai amfani. Sun wuce sake duba mai amfani kuma sun sami kyakkyawan kimantawa.
Don halayen hadaddun ruwan wukake masu lanƙwasa, manyan girman kwane-kwane, kauri mai kauri, da sauƙi na lalacewa da fashewa, ana buƙatar ɗaukar wasu matakan tsari a cikin tsarin kula da zafi:
1) Shugaban shaft yana ƙasa kuma ruwan yana sama. Ana ɗaukar tsarin ɗora wutar lantarki don sauƙaƙe mafi ƙarancin lalacewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 4;
2) Tabbatar cewa akwai babban isasshen rata tsakanin simintin gyare-gyare da tsakanin simintin gyare-gyare da farantin karfe na ƙasa don tabbatar da sanyaya, da kuma tabbatar da cewa kauri mai kauri ya dace da buƙatun gano ultrasonic;
3) Matsayin dumama na kayan aikin yana rarraba sau da yawa don rage yawan damuwa na ƙungiyar yayin aikin dumama don hana fashewa.
Aiwatar da matakan maganin zafi na sama yana tabbatar da ingancin maganin zafi na ruwa.

Hoto 3 ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo Tsarin maganin zafi na ruwa

Hoto 4 Tsarin aikin sarrafa zafin wuta na tsarin ɗaukar tanderu

4 Ƙarshe
1) Dangane da kulawar ciki na abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadarai na kayan aiki, ta hanyar gwajin tsarin maganin zafi, an ƙaddara cewa tsarin kula da zafi na ZG06C r13N i4M o babban ƙarfin bakin karfe shine tsarin maganin zafi na 1. 010 ℃ normalizing + 605 ℃ primary tempering + 580 ℃ sakandare tempering, wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa inji Properties, low-zazzabi tasiri Properties da sanyi lankwasawa Properties na simintin gyaran kafa abu hadu da misali bukatun.
2) ZG06C r13N i4M o abu yana da kyau hardenability. Tsarin bayan normalizing + sau biyu tempering zafi magani ne a low-carbon lath martensite + baya austenite tare da mai kyau yi, wanda yana da babban ƙarfi, high filastik taurin, dace taurin, mai kyau tsaga juriya da kyau simintin gyaran kafa da waldi yi.
3) The zafi magani makirci na normalizing + sau biyu tempering ƙaddara da gwaji ne amfani da zafi magani tsari samar da manyan ruwan wukake, da kuma kayan Properties duk hadu da mai amfani ta misali bukatun.

Lokacin aikawa: Juni-28-2024